One Nation is on the rise after decades as a fringe political party and has enjoyed a surge in popularity on the back of criticising the federal government's policies on just about everything from immigration to abortion.
Pauline Hanson began One Nation in Queensland in 1997 after being elected as Oxley MP the previous year.
In her controversial and divisive maiden speech to parliament she said she believed Australia was in danger of being "swamped by Asians".
Hanson's opposition to immigration and multiculturalism has remained one of the key pillars of One Nation's electoral campaigns over the past three decades – and it's also among her more controversial policies.
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After a surprise early surge in the polls earlier this year, voter support has now skyrocketed to levels not seen in the party's history.
Not only did support for One Nation surge from nine per cent to 26 per cent, soaring past the Coalition as the country's second most popular party, it is now stripping voters from Labor.
The latest Resolve Political Monitor polling has pushed One Nation's primary vote above the Coalition to sit at 24 per cent.
And damage is now being done to federal Labor's primary vote, which fell back to 29 per cent from 31 per cent in February.
One Nation also claims its membership has exploded by 500 per cent since the 2025 federal election.
"We are establishing branches in every federal electorate. High-profile leaders like Barnaby Joyce and Cory Bernardi bring additional strength to the party," a One Nation spokesperson told nine.com.au.
"Australians know exactly where Pauline Hanson stands on the issues which matter most to them, and they're looking for leadership they're not getting from Anthony Albanese or Sussan Ley."
But what exactly does One Nation stand for and what is its plan for Australia?
Immigration
Hanson claims on her website that Australia's immigration system is "broken".
Hanson has called on Australia to cut immigration by 570,000 people, to deport visa holders who break the law, to withdraw from the UN Refugee Convention and to deport 75,000 "illegal immigrants".
The One Nation leader has frequently blamed immigration for house prices and wage stagnation.
In 2016, Hanson told the chamber she believed Australia was "in danger of being swamped by Muslims who bear a culture and ideology that is incompatible with our own".
Her views have landed her in water in the past; last year, a federal court found Hanson racially discriminated against Pakistani-born senator Mehreen Faruqi after telling her to "p-- off back to Pakistan".
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Hanson was also banned from the chamber for seven sitting days after she appeared in the Senate wearing a burqa, repeating a stunt she pulled in 2017.
Hanson has also voted against several motions for letting families return home from immigration detention, most notably the Biloela family.
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Housing
Hanson has proposed an urgent reform of the country's foreign ownership and investment rules.
This would involve banning all foreign purchases of Australian homes and forcing current foreign owners to sell their homes, along with banning the sale of freehold farmland to foreign investors.
The party also claims that slashing immigration by 130,000 visa holders would reduce housing demand.
"With a crucial shortage of housing stock in Australia, we must stop the sale of property to non-residents and non-citizens," Hanson states on her website.
The party has called for a five-year GST moratorium on building materials for new homes valued up to $1 million.
One Nation said it is also committed to "removing mandatory disability compliance requirements for all new homes".
Hanson has previously blamed immigration levels and foreign students as the root cause of Australia's skyrocketing house prices.
At the same time, Hanson has repeatedly voted against measures to increase housing affordability, including the Help to Buy Bill in 2023.
Free speech
Hanson has warned Labor's hate speech laws, passed in the aftermath of the Bondi terror attack, are "dangerous" and claimed the legislation threatens the right to freedom of expression.
One Nation states that it wants to enshrine "open debate, free expression, and the rights of all Australians to speak their minds without fear" in the constitution.
"We will push for constitutional protection of free speech and work to repeal any laws or government bodies that restrict it," the party states on its website.
"Censorship, speech regulations, and bureaucratic overreach that silence Australians will be dismantled."
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Cost of living and tax
Hanson's cost-of-living proposals are mostly targeted at immediate, short-term relief for households.
This includes electricity bill reductions, fuel price relief and permanently scrapping the excise tax on beer and spirits in pubs.
"One Nation continues to develop and update policies on the issues which matter, releasing our signature energy policy to dismantle net zero and reduce energy prices in December last year– rising energy costs are the single biggest factor in the rising cost of living," a One Nation spokesperson said.
One Nation has also claimed Medicare is being "rorted" by billions of dollars and wants to crack down on fraud.
The party has previously spoken about its plan to simplify income tax and lower the corporate tax rate in Australia.
One proposed tax cut is to help out families with children to allow couples to split their income across two tax returns, thereby reducing their tax bill.
This proposal was swiftly criticised for only targeting high-income earners.
Climate
Hanson has called for Australia to pull out of the Paris Agreement, claiming carbon emission cuts are "economic suicide".
The One Nation leader has also denied climate change is man-made, despite the overwhelming scientific evidence.
The One Nation senator claims to back a scientific approach to climate change, but at the same time denies there is evidence to prove that global warming is the catastrophe that the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says it is.
Hanson has generally voted against climate change mitigation strategies.
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Abortion
One Nation describes itself as "pro-life".
Hanson said her party wants to roll back abortion laws in Australia, including reducing the gestational limit for abortions.
She also wants to reinstate a doctor's right to a "full conscientious objection" to abortion.
Gun ownership
New England MP Barnaby Joyce, who joined Hanson's One Nation party in December, opposed the new gun laws introduced by the federal government in the wake of the Bondi shooting.
Hanson was not in the Senate chamber for the vote due to her ban.
"We won't allow Labor to scapegoat lawful firearm owners for Anthony Albanese's failure to allow radical Islam and antisemitism to go unchecked and unchallenged in Australia," a One Nation spokesperson said.
The party says it supports "responsible gun ownership".
"We do not believe that further stringent measures or regulations are required regarding licensing," One Nation's website reads.
"One Nation calls for stricter border security and tougher sentencing for gun crimes and traffickers."
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